S-S Bond Formation

Peptide disulfide bridges are typically formed between two cysteine residues within a peptide sequence (intramolecular),
or between cysteine residues in two different peptide chains (intermolecular/interchain).

The cysteine residues can be located at the peptide N-terminus, C-terminus, or internally.

1-3 disulfide S-S bridges 
We can utilize orthogonal protection strategies to control specific bond formations for peptides containing 1-3 bridges.

≥4 disulfide bridges  
formed naturally by creating the most thermodynamically stable product

Intermolecular disulfide bridge(s) are formed between cysteine residues of two (or more) peptide chains

Other constrained peptides